神經乾細胞 (neuralstemcell,NSCs)是一類具有分裂潛能和自更新能力的母細胞,它可以通過不對等的分裂方式產生神經組織的各類細胞。患病部位組織損傷後釋放各種趨化因子,可以吸引神經乾細胞聚集到損傷部位,並在局部微環境的作用下分化為不同種類的細胞,修復及補充損傷的神經細胞。因此,神經乾細胞具有廣泛的治療價值,可以用於各炎症或損傷導致的大腦神經細胞喪失(例如,老年癡呆、腦梗死後遺症、多發性硬化等)。
重慶醫科大學的研究發現:人參達瑪烷皂苷Rg1具有強烈的激發神經乾細胞的活性,並且進一步確認了其活性機制。這項研究發表在2013年第16期《中國中藥雜誌》。
研究摘要:
目的:利用基因芯片技術篩選出人參達瑪烷皂苷Rg1的促進人類神經乾細胞(NSCs )主要分子靶點。
方法:首先, MTT法通過篩選出的達瑪烷皂苷Rg1促進NSC增殖的最佳濃度。然後,在達瑪烷皂甙Rg1 –促進NSC增殖後的第7天,採用基因芯片技術觀察靶基因的表達。篩選出最重要的靶基因和信號轉導途徑,然後進一步數據分析。
結果:在達瑪烷皂苷Rg1促進NSC增殖後的第7天,獲得440基因的表達有差異, 266顯著上調,和174顯著下調。HES1基因, cAMP(環磷酸腺苷) -PKA (蛋白激酶A)和PI3K (磷脂酰肌醇3激酶) -AKT信號轉導途徑,與NSC增殖密切相關。
結論:利用基因芯片篩選出的差異表達基因可能提供對人參達瑪烷皂苷Rg1促進神經乾細胞增殖的分子機制研究提供新的線索。
[Study on molecular target promoting human neural stem cells of ginsenoside Rg1 by gene chip].
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi (中國中藥雜誌). 2013 Aug;38(16):2701-5
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To screen out main molecular target promoting human neural stem cells (NSCs) of ginsenoside Rg1 by using the gene chip technology.
METHOD: First, MTT assay was adopted to screen out the optimal concentration of Rg1 -promoted NSC proliferation (120 mg x L(-1)). Then, on the 7th day after the Rg1 -promoted NSC proliferation, the expression of target genes was observed by the gene chip technology. The most important target gene and signal transduction pathways were screened out through the data calculations.
RESULT: On the 7th day after the Rg1 -promoted NSC proliferation, obtained 440 differential genes, 266 significantly upregulated genes and 174 significantly down-regulated genes. HES1 gene, CAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate)-PKA (protein kinase A) and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase)-AKT signal transduction pathways were closely related to the NSC proliferation.
CONCLUSION: The differentially expressed genes screened out by gene chip may provide new clues for studies on molecular mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 -promoted NSCs proliferation.